PHOTO: Brazil: In December 2001, a girl, Elaine da Paixao Santos, stands in front of a wall on which she has drawn a heart and the inscription "I love you, mom" in Portuguese, on the grounds of the Mother City Foundation in La Paz, a poor neighbourhood in Salvador, capital of the eastern state of Bahia in Brazil. Elaine lives with her grandmother to avoid the fighting in her parents’ home. (UNICEF/HQ01-0442/Claudio Versiani)
Rigby, K (2002) A meta-evaluation of methods and approaches to reducing bullying in pre-schools and in early primary school in Australia, Commonwealth Attorney- General’s Department, Canberra.
ISBN: 0 642 21040 3

Given the effort that schools in many countries are now making to reduce bullying among students, Dr. Ken Rigby looks to evaluate the effectiveness of these programs and which amongst them is the most effective. His research examined some 13 evaluative studies that are relevant to reducing bullying primarily among young children. These studies were undertaken in a wide range of countries, namely Australia, Belgium, Canada, England, Finland, Norway, Spain and the United States. Rigby outlines similarities and differences between these programs and concludes that no one method, punitive or the problem-solving approach, has proven to be more effective than the other. In fact, interventions to deter school bullying have produced rather modest success rates overall.

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